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    1. Labs
    2. VTU THEORY
    3. VTU Sem 3
    4. Computer Organization syllabus
    5. Module-1 Basic Structure of Computers
    Encoding of Machine Instructions
    Additional Instructions
    Subroutines
    Stacks and Queues
    Basic Input and Output Operations
    Assembly Language
    Addressing Modes
    Instructions and Instruction Sequencing
    Memory Operations
    Machine Instructions and Programs: Memory Location and Addresses
    Performance Measurement
    Clock Rate
    Basic Performance Equation
    Performance –Processor Clock
    Bus Structures
    Basic Operational Concepts
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    Data retention summary